British Journal of Dermatology

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
               <jats:sec>
                  <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition affecting adolescents and young adults worldwide, yet data on the burden and trends of this disease remain limited. We aimed to investigate trends in the burden of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years at global, regional and national levels.</jats:p>
               </jats:sec>
               <jats:sec>
                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for individuals aged 10–24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. We analysed the numbers, age-standardized rates and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) of the prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for acne vulgaris at the global, regional and national levels. Additionally, we examined these global trends by age, sex and Sociodemographic Index (SDI).</jats:p>
               </jats:sec>
               <jats:sec>
                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rate of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults increased from 8563.4 per 100 000 population [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 7343.5–9920.1] in 1990 to 9790.5 (95% UI 8420.9–11 287.2) per 100 000 population in 2021, with an AAPC of 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.46]. The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate also showed a similar upward trend. Regionally, Western Europe had the highest age-standardized prevalence, incidence and DALY rates, while North Africa and the Middle East had the largest increase in these rates. By SDI quintile, the high SDI region had the highest age-standardized prevalence, incidence and DALY rates from 1990 to 2021, whereas the low-middle SDI region had the lowest burden of acne vulgaris but experienced the most significant increase in these rates. Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rate of acne vulgaris in 2021 was approximately 25% higher in young women than in young men (10 911.8 per 100 000 population vs. 8727.8 per 100 000 population). Among all age groups, adolescents aged 15–19 years had the highest age-specific prevalence rate, while adolescents aged 10–14 years experienced the largest increase from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.50, 95% CI 0.48–0.52).</jats:p>
               </jats:sec>
               <jats:sec>
                  <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>The burden of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults has continued to increase in nearly all countries since the 1990s. Managing this condition remains a significant challenge, necessitating more effective and targeted interventions to control the acne burden.</jats:p>
               </jats:sec>

Acne vulgaris

Lancet

Reviewing the global burden of acne: how could we improve care to reduce the burden?

Br J Dermatol

N Engl J Med

Acne and quality of life –‌ impact and management

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol

Suicidal ideation, mental health problems, and social impairment are increased in adolescents with acne: a population-based study

J Invest Dermatol

Holm JØ

J Am Acad Dermatol

Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–‌2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Magnitude and temporal trend of acne vulgaris burden in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The epidemiology of acne vulgaris in a multiethnic adolescent population from Rotterdam, the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study

Risk Factors Collaborators

Guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting: the GATHER statement

The age of adolescence

Lancet Child Adolesc Health

Global, regional, and national burdens of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in adolescents and young adults aged 10–‌24 years from 1990 to 2019: a trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Confidence intervals for directly standardized rates: a method based on the gamma distribution

Stat Med

Age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of autoimmune diseases in women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2019

Autoimmun Rev

Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis

Sex hormones and acne: state of the art

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges

Sex hormones and acne

Clin Dermatol

Acne and nutrition: hypotheses, myths and facts

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

Epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Sci Rep

Association between adult acne and dietary behaviors: findings from the Nutrinet-Santé Prospective Cohort Study

JAMA Dermatol

Dairy intake and acne development: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Clin Nutr

Dairy intake and acne vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 78,529 children, adolescents, and young adults

Nutrients

Air pollution and skin diseases: a comprehensive evaluation of the associated mechanism

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Burden of skin disease and associated socioeconomic status in Asia: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–‌2017

JAAD Int

A cross sectional survey for dermatoses in children and adolescents residing in orphanages in urban Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

Indian J Dermatol

[Inflammatory dermatoses in skin of color]

Dermatologie (Heidelb

Analysis of the epidemiological burden of acne vulgaris in China based on the data of global burden of disease 2019

Front Med (Lausanne

Temporal trends of the lung cancer mortality attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2017: a global, regional and national analysis

Lung Cancer

Acne prevalence and associations with lifestyle: a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents/young adults in 7 European countries

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol

Endocrine disrupting chemicals, hormone receptors, and acne vulgaris: a connecting hypothesis

Cells

Management of acne vulgaris: a review

JAMA

Acne scarring-pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and education: part I

Beyond the surface: a deeper look at the psychosocial impacts of acne scarring

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol

Acne from the young patient’s perspective

Prevalence of acne vulgaris in Chinese adolescents and adults: a community-based study of 17,345 subjects in six cities

Acta Derm Venereol

Association of race/ethnicity and sex with differences in health care use and treatment for acne

Possible gender differences in the quality of life and choice of therapy in acne

Female gender and acne disease are jointly and independently associated with the risk of major depression and suicide: a national population-based study

Biomed Res Int

Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition affecting adolescents and young adults worldwide, yet data on the burden and trends of this disease remain limited. We aimed to investigate trends in the burden of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years at global, regional and national levels.
We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for individuals aged 10-24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. We analysed the numbers, age-standardized rates and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) of the prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for acne vulgaris at the global, regional and national levels. Additionally, we examined these global trends by age, sex and Sociodemographic Index (SDI).
Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rate of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults increased from 8563.4 per 100 000 population [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 7343.5-9920.1] in 1990 to 9790.5 (95% UI 8420.9-11 287.2) per 100 000 population in 2021, with an AAPC of 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.46]. The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate also showed a similar upward trend. Regionally, Western Europe had the highest age-standardized prevalence, incidence and DALY rates, while North Africa and the Middle East had the largest increase in these rates. By SDI quintile, the high SDI region had the highest age-standardized prevalence, incidence and DALY rates from 1990 to 2021, whereas the low-middle SDI region had the lowest burden of acne vulgaris but experienced the most significant increase in these rates. Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rate of acne vulgaris in 2021 was approximately 25% higher in young women than in young men (10 911.8 per 100 000 population vs. 8727.8 per 100 000 population). Among all age groups, adolescents aged 15-19 years had the highest age-specific prevalence rate, while adolescents aged 10-14 years experienced the largest increase from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.50, 95% CI 0.48-0.52).
The burden of acne vulgaris among adolescents and young adults has continued to increase in nearly all countries since the 1990s. Managing this condition remains a significant challenge, necessitating more effective and targeted interventions to control the acne burden.
Acne is a skin condition that causes pimples, blackheads and cysts. The condition commonly affects teenagers and young adults and can impact self-esteem. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of acne among young people aged 10–24 years globally and track how its frequency has changed over time. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, which includes information from 204 countries and territories over three decades. We analysed the number of acne cases, how common it is, the number of new cases, and its impact on people’s lives. We found that the prevalence of acne increased worldwide from 1990 to 2021, with the highest rates observed in teenagers aged 15–19 years. The most significant rise in cases was among the 10–14 years age group. In 2021, acne was around 25% more common in young women than in young men. Western Europe had the highest rates, while North Africa and the Middle East saw the largest increase. We also found that more developed regions had higher rates of acne, while less developed regions experienced the largest increases. These trends identified in our study highlight the growing prevalence of acne among young people globally, and emphasize the need for better treatments and further research to understand and manage the condition effectively.

Global, regional and national burdens of acne vulgaris in adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis.

Global, regional and national burdens of acne vulgaris in adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis

Global, regional and national burdens of acne vulgaris in adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis

Clinical Summary

What was studied

Key findings

Clinical implications

Related Questions