Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Genetically low vitamin D concentrations and increased mortality: Mendelian randomisation analysis in three large cohorts

Racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in the United States, 2013 to 2018

Hypertension

Mitigation of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 by nitric oxide in vitro

Redox Biol

Dual effect of nitric oxide on SARS-CoV replication: viral RNA production and palmitoylation of the S protein are affected

Virology

Nitric oxide inhibits the replication cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

J Virol

Effect of marine omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin D supplementation on incident atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial

JAMA

Insufficient sun exposure has become a real public health problem

Int J Environ Res Public Health

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on non-skeletal disorders: a systematic review of meta-analyses and randomised trials

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol

Physiology of sweat gland function: the roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health

Temperature (Austin)

Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data to identify the major determinants of carotid intima-media thickness in a European population: the IMPROVE study

Eur Heart J

Vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular disease risks in more than 83 000 individuals in 21 randomized clinical trials: a meta-analysis [published correction appears in JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:112]

JAMA Cardiol

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of diabetes mellitus

J Clin Endocrinol Metab

Increased sensitivity of histidinemic mice to UVB radiation suggests a crucial role of endogenous urocanic acid in photoprotection

J Invest Dermatol

Explaining ethnic differentials in COVID-19 mortality: a cohort study

Am J Epidemiol

Photoimmunology: how ultraviolet radiation affects the immune system

Nat Rev Immunol

Lancet

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal, vascular, or cancer outcomes: a trial sequential meta-analysis [published correction appears in Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020;8:e5]

The health effects of vitamin D supplementation: evidence from human studies

Nat Rev Endocrinol

Ultraviolet B light attenuates the systemic immune response in central nervous system autoimmunity

Ann Neurol

Prevention of Covid-19 and other acute respiratory infections with cod liver oil supplementation, a low dose vitamin D supplement: quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial

Global evidence for ultraviolet radiation decreasing COVID-19 growth rates

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

The energetic paradox of human running and hominid evolution

Curr Anthropol

The increasing prevalence of myopia and high myopia among high school students in Fenghua city, eastern China: a 15-year population-based survey

BMC Ophthalmol

Ultraviolet A radiation and COVID-19 deaths in the USA with replication studies in England and Italy

Br J Dermatol

Increased skin pigment reduces the capacity of skin to synthesise vitamin D3

Cancer in Indigenous Australians: a review

Cancer Causes Control

The prevalence of hypertension in seven populations of west African origin

Am J Public Health

Hunger games: or how the allied blockade in the first world war deprived German children of nutrition, and allied food aid subsequently saved them

Econ Hist Rev

VITAL findings - a decisive verdict on vitamin D supplementation

N Engl J Med

Skin cancer and solar UV radiation

Eur J Cancer

Thiols enhance NO formation from nitrate photolysis

Free Radic Biol Med

Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology

Nat Commun

Latitude-related changes in the amplitude of annual mortality rhythm. The biological equator in man

Chronobiol Int

Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Vitamin D status and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort: results from the UK Biobank

Efficacy of a dose range of simulated sunlight exposures in raising vitamin D status in South Asian adults: implications for targeted guidance on sun exposure

Am J Clin Nutr

Is sunlight good for our heart?

Ultra-violet light and skin cancer

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with increased risk of the development of the metabolic syndrome at five years: results from a national, population-based prospective study (The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study: AusDiab)

A systematic review of near work and myopia: measurement, relationships, mechanisms and clinical corollaries

Acta Ophthalmol

Seasonal variation in mortality in Scotland

Int J Epidemiol

IMI–clinical management guidelines report

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

Seasonal variation in fasting glucose and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes

Prim Care Diabetes

British food control

Antioch Rev

Daily sunscreen application and Betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial

Skin colour and vitamin D: an update

Exp Dermatol

Evidence for variable selective pressures at MC1R

Am J Hum Genet

A randomised, controlled clinical trial of narrowband UVB phototherapy for clinically isolated syndrome: the PhoCIS study

Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin

The multiple roles of urocanic acid in health and disease

Antenatal exposure to solar radiation and learning disabilities: population cohort study of 422,512 children

Sci Rep

Low-dose daylight exposure induces nitric oxide release and maintains cell viability in vitro

Effect of time spent outdoors at school on the development of myopia among children in China: a randomized clinical trial

The one-hundred-year anniversary of the discovery of the sunshine vitamin D3: historical, personal experience and evidence-based perspectives

Nutrients

The modern human colonization of western Eurasia: when and where?

Quat Sci Rev

Heilung von Rachitis durch künstliche Höhensonne

Dtsch Med Wochenschr

Role of near work in myopia: findings in a sample of Australian school children

The evolution of human skin pigmentation involved the interactions of genetic, environmental, and cultural variables

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

Colloquium paper: Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation

Refractive errors preferred practice Pattern

Ophthalmology

Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis

Cochrane Database Syst Rev

A 5700 year-old human genome and oral microbiome from chewed birch pitch

Effect of a test-and-treat approach to vitamin D supplementation on risk of all cause acute respiratory tract infection and Covid-19: phase 3 randomised controlled trial (CORONAVIT)

Seasonal blood pressure variation assessed by different measurement methods: systematic review and meta-analysis

J Hypertens

The past 12,000 years of behavior, adaptation, population, and evolution shaped who we are today

Pilot phase results of a prospective, randomized controlled trial of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Supplemental vitamin D and incident fractures in midlife and older adults

Epidemiology of skin cancer: update 2019

Adv Exp Med Biol

A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Women with fair phenotypes seem to confer a survival advantage in a low UV milieu. A nested matched case control study

PLoS One

Avoidance of sun exposure is a risk factor for all-cause mortality: results from the Melanoma in Southern Sweden cohort

J Intern Med

Avoidance of sun exposure as a risk factor for major causes of death: a competing risk analysis of the Melanoma in Southern Sweden cohort

Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol

UVA irradiation of human skin vasodilates arterial vasculature and lowers blood pressure independently of nitric oxide synthase

UV exposure and the risk of cutaneous melanoma in skin of color: a systematic review

JAMA Dermatol

Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

Vitamin D and health outcomes: then came the randomized clinical trials

The evolution of human skin pigmentation: a changing medley of vitamins, genetic variability, and UV radiation during human expansion

Am J Biol Anthropol

History of sunscreen: an updated view

J Cosmet Dermatol

UVA and seasonal patterning of 56 370 myocardial infarctions across Scotland, 2000-2011

J Am Heart Assoc

Vitamin D, marine n-3 fatty acids, and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease current evidence

Circ Res

Vitamin D supplements and prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease

High-dose vitamin D versus placebo to prevent complications in COVID-19 patients: multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial

Seasonal variation of overall and cardiovascular mortality: a study in 19 countries from different geographic locations

IMI risk factors for myopia

Enzyme-independent NO stores in human skin: quantification and influence of UV radiation

J Invest Dermatol

Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial

GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics

Balancing the risks and benefits of sun exposure: A revised position statement for Australian adults

Aust New Zealand J Public Health

The effects of exposure to solar radiation on human health

Photochem Photobiol Sci

Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Eur J Ophthalmol

Effect of long-term vitamin D3 supplementation vs placebo on risk of depression or clinically relevant depressive symptoms and on change in mood scores: a randomized clinical trial

Whole body UVA irradiation lowers systemic blood pressure by release of nitric oxide from intracutaneous photolabile nitric oxide derivates

Effect of vitamin D3 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on risk of frailty: an ancillary study of a randomized clinical trial

JAMA Netw Open

Sunlight exposure exerts immunomodulatory effects to reduce multiple sclerosis severity

Domestication evolution, genetics and genomics in wheat

Mol Breeding

Vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Mechanisms of UV-induced mutations and skin cancer

Genome Instab Dis

Domestication of cattle: two or three events?

Evol Appl

Vitamin D supplementation and prevention of type 2 diabetes

UVR is a skin carcinogen, yet no studies link sun exposure to increased all-cause mortality. Epidemiological studies from the United Kingdom and Sweden link sun exposure with reduced all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Vitamin D synthesis is dependent on UVB exposure. Individuals with higher serum levels of vitamin D are healthier in many ways, yet multiple trials of oral vitamin D supplementation show little benefit. Growing evidence shows that sunlight has health benefits through vitamin D-independent pathways, such as photomobilization of nitric oxide from cutaneous stores with reduction in cardiovascular morbidity. Sunlight has important systemic health benefit as well as risks.

Sunlight: Time for a Rethink?

Papers